The earliest Western visitors to Korea at the turn of the last century routinely pointed out that Koreans were a people who often called on supernatural powers and carried out rituals for otherworldly reasons. Historians tell us that Buddhism, Confucianism, and Shamanism have all been prominent in Korea since early history, informing people's view of life both here and in the afterworld. It is thus little surprising that even contemporary observers remark that modernization has not affected the demand for religions in this country, a land dotted with countless crosses standing for churches in the cities, while countryside teems with Buddhist temples of every type.
The year 2010 marks the 60th anniversary of the Korean War, which began on June 25, 1950. Following the three years of intensely brutal fighting and subsequent devastation, an armistice was signed on July 27, 1953. The signing of the agreement stopped the fighting and put the war on hold without a clear trajectory of future plans. To this day, the legacies of the Korean War continue to remain as a source of tension for the divided Korea as well as the regional and international community.
Although Koreans in Japan prior to World War II suffered racial discrimination and economic exploitation, the Japanese authorities nonetheless counted ethnic Koreans as Japanese nationals and sought to fully assimilate Koreans into Japanese society through Japanese education and the promotion of intermarriage. Following the war, however, the Japanese government defined ethnic Koreans as foreigners, no longer recognizing them as Japanese nationals. The use of the term Zainichi, or residing in Japan reflected the overall expectation that Koreans were living in Japan on a temporary basis and would soon return to Korea.
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Jonas Edman is a Curriculum Writer for the Stanford Program on International and Cross-Cultural Education (91勛圖). In addition to writing curriculum, Jonas coordinates 91勛圖s National Consortium for Teaching 91勛圖 Asia (NCTA) professional development seminars on East Asia for middle school teachers, and collaborates with FSI and other Stanford colleagues on developing curricula for community college instructors as part of Stanford Human Rights Education Initiative (SHREI). Prior to joining 91勛圖 in 2010, Jonas taught history and geography in Elk Grove, California, and taught Theory of Knowledge at Stockholm International School in Stockholm, Sweden.
Jonas' professional interests lie in curriculum and instruction and teacher professional development, with a special interest in online education development. He received his Single Subject Teaching Credential in Social Science from California State University, Sacramento in 2010, and a bachelor degree in History from Stockholm University in 2008. He graduated high school from the American School in Japan in 1996.
Jonas has presented teacher seminars nationally for the National Consortium for Teaching about Asia in Omaha, Nebraska; the California Council for Social Studies in Anaheim and Burlingame, California; the National Council for the Social Studies in Washington D.C.; the Midwest Conference on Asian Affairs in East Lansing, Michigan; and the National Association for Multicultural Education in Oakland, California. He has also presented teacher seminars internationally for the East Asia Regional Council of Overseas Schools in Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, and Bangkok, Thailand; and the European Council of International Schools in Nice, France.
A Visit to Hanyang University, Seoul
During a recent trip to Seoul, May 2331, 2010, 91勛圖 Director Gary Mukai gave a guest lecture on "19th and Early 20th Century Asian Immigration to the United States" to Hanyang University students enrolled in "Introduction to Comparative Education," which is offered through the College of Education. Professor Rennie Moon (Stanford, PhD 09, International Comparative Education) is the instructor of the course. Mr. Mukai encouraged the students to think about similarities and differences between Asian immigrant experiences in the United States with immigrant experiences in contemporary South Korea. Mr. Mukai was especially impressed with the students' comprehension of English. He said, "South Korea should be proud to have students of the caliber of those whom I met in Professor Moon's class."
In addition to her professorship, Professor Moon serves as a curriculum consultant to 91勛圖. She and others on the 91勛圖 staff (Joon Seok Hong, HyoJung Jang, Se-Woong Koo, and Rylan Sekiguchi) are developing a comprehensive curriculum unit, "Inter-Korean Relations: Rivalry, Reconciliation, and Reunification," for U.S. high school students. This curriculum unit is part three in a three-part Korea-focused series. Part one is titled "U.S.-South Korean Relations" and part two is titled "Uncovering North Korea." Shorenstein APARC and Korean Studies Program Director Professor , who serves as the primary advisor of the series, is confident that the three-part series will heighten American students' knowledge of and interest in Korea-related issues. He stated, "This series is the first of its kind for U.S. high schools. Educating young Americans about the Korean peninsula and U.S.-Korean relations is critical to the future of the United States."
Mr. Mukai commented, "When I think about people making a difference in U.S.-Korean relations, I think of scholars like Professor Moon and Professor Shin who educate students on both sides of the Pacific about the critical importance of U.S.-Korean relations." Mr. Mukai hopes that some of Professor Moon's students will consider attending graduate school at 91勛圖.
91勛圖 Wins Buchanan Prize for Fifth Time
On March 26, 2010, 91勛圖 received the 2010 Franklin Buchanan Prize at the Association for Asian Studies annual conference in Philadelphia. The Buchanan Prize is awarded annually to an outstanding curriculum publication on Asia designed for any educational level, elementary through university. 91勛圖 was recognized for its two-part Korea-focused series, U.S.-South Korean Relations and Uncovering North Korea. The primary authors of the series were Rylan Sekiguchi and Joon Seok Hong. Contributing authors were Rennie Moon and Gary Mukai. Rennie Moon attended the AAS conference to receive the prize on behalf of 91勛圖. Professors and John W. Lewis served as primary advisors for the two-part series.
The Buchanan Prize committee noted the following about the two-part series: "In U.S. classrooms, very little is taught about the Korean peninsula, unless it involves the Korean War. This series fills that gap by focusing on a broader perspective and looking at the social, economic, political and cultural development of this region over the past fifty years."
This is the fifth time that 91勛圖 has won the Buchanan Prize since it was established in 1995. The Association for Asian Studies is a scholarly, non-political, non-profit professional association open to all persons interested in Asia and the study of Asia.
To an audience of high school teachers, Philip Yun recounted his experience as a deputy to the head U.S. delegate to the four-party Korea peace talks and as a senior policy advisor to the U.S. Coordinator for North Korea. In addition, Yun offered his personal reflections on North Korea's past and future.
Stanford Program on International and Cross-Cultural Education
The Stanford Program on International and Cross-cultural Education (91勛圖) serves as a bridge between FSIs research centers and elementary and secondary schools throughout the United States. Over the past year, 91勛圖 curriculum writer Rylan Sekiguchi and Joon Seok Hong (MA, East Asian Studies, 2007) have been developing a curriculum unit for secondary schools called U.S.South Korean Relations in consultation with Professor Gi-Wook Shin, director of the Korean Studies Program (KSP). The KSP was formally established in 2001 at the Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center with the appointment of Professor Shin as the founding director. U.S.South Korean Relations is the result of 91勛圖s first formal collaboration with the KSP.
For more than half a century, the United States and South Korea have been close and strong allies, a relationship nurtured under war and the pursuit of common interests. Despite this long and established alliance, U.S.South Korean relations and Korean history are not adequately taught in American secondary schools. U.S.South Korean Relations seeks to fill the gap by exposing students to the four core pillars of the alliance: democracy, economic prosperity, security, and sociocultural interaction. Each pillar supports the U.S.South Korean relationship in a different and important way.
Lesson One examines South Koreas maturing democracy, providing students an overview of South Korean democratization and engaging them on the concept of democracy. Students also study how the U.S.South Korean relationship affected South Koreas democratization and vice versa. Ultimately, students consider how common political and social values serve to strengthen relations between two countries and societies.
Lesson Two introduces students to the economic aspect of the U.S.South Korean relationship and encourages them to recognize how economic interdependence between the two countries has served to draw them closer together. Students examine modern-day trade,such as the recently concluded U.S.South Korean Free Trade Agreement (KORUS FTA), and also learn about the historical role the United States played in helping South Korea industrialize after the Korean War.
Lesson Three outlines the security concerns that South Korea and the United States have shared since the Korean War and the signing of the Mutual Defense Treaty in 1953 to the recent nuclear weapons issue with North Korea. Students study the history of the U.S.South Korean security alliance and evaluate why both Seoul and Washington have considered the alliance so important and beneficial.
Lesson Four complements the broad country-tocountry perspective of the first three lessons and encourages students to consider how the U.S.South Korean relationship has influenced the individual lives of Koreans and Americans. Students contemplate how the cultural interactions between the two countries have influenced both societies and changed the lives of their people.
The U.S.South Korean relationship is one of the most successful bilateral relationships in the world. 91勛圖 hopes that the curriculum unit, U.S.South Korean Relations, not only offers U.S. secondary students a broad overview of this relationship but also inspires students to enroll in college courses on Korea through programs such as the KSP.